Hydraulic-power transmitter.



H. FUTTINGER. HYDRAULIC POWER TRANSMITTER.

APPLICATION HLED JUNE 2. 1914. I PatentedSept. 26,1916.

2 SHEETSSHE ET I.

mum/1410B WW 7 WITNESSES I ATTORNEY H. FUNINGERT HYDRAULIC POWERTRANSMITTER.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 2, TQM.

- Patented Sept. 26,1916.

. 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

A TTOR/VEY UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FfiTTING OF ZOPPO'I, NEAR DAIlll'ZIlZG, GERMANY. I

HYDRAULIC-POWER TRANSMITTER.

pire of Germany, have invented certain new .anduseful Improvements inHydraulic- Power Transmitters, of which the following is aspecification.

This invention relates to certain improvements in hydraulic powertransmitters, and more particularly to thattype disclosed in my priorand co-pending application, Serial No. 322,395, filed June 19th, 1906.In the various forms of transmitter shown and broadly claimed in saidapplication the power is transmitted from one driving member to anotherby means of a liquid receiving kinetic energy from a centrifugal pumpimpeller, and giving up that energy to a rotor in the form of a turbinepreferably coaxial therewith and disposed closely adjacent thereto. Incertain of the forms disclosed in said application the entire circuitfor the liquid is made up of the driving and driven members while inother forms an intermediate liquid guiding member is employed 'fordelivering the liquid from one to the other without appreciableloss ofyelocity or kinetic energy. The guiding v.member when.-z.delive ringfr'onnthe to the driven member -may have its vanes or blades so disposedas toefi'ect the rotation of the driven member in the same direction orin the opposite direction to that of the driving member. My presentinvention in: volves certain of the forms illustrated in said priorapplication and in which the driving and driven members are disposedco-axially, with the liquid delivered from the former and received bythe latter, in substantially radial directions and in parallel planesnormal to the common axis of rotation. The guiding member encircles bothdriving and driven members and includes a set of vanes orjblades spacedto form passages receiving the outwardly moving liquid and directing itinwardly into the driven member. If desired two sets of guiding vanes orblades-may be provided either one of which might be employed, theselection determining the direction or character ofrotation of thedriven member in respect to. the driving member.- In my presentapplication I have illustrated not I Specification of Letters Patent.

only certain subject-matter divided out of my prlor application abovereferred to, but have also shown a further embodiment/of the inventionhereinafter claimed but upon the details of which Imake no specificclaim in this application.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings in which. similarcharacters .of-

corresponding .zpa'rts reference indicate throughout the several views.v

Figure 1 is a partially longitudinal section of one form which myinvention may assume, the guiding member being stationary and having butone set of passages; Fig. 2 is a similar longitudinal-section of asecond form, having a stationary guiding member with two sets ofpassages; Fig. 3 is a similar view of a third form with a movableguiding member; Fig. 4- is a simi lar section to that shown in Fig. 3,but with the parts in adjusted position; Fig. 5 is a developeddiagrammatic section through the liquid passage and showing the set ofguiding vanes for giving the same direction of rotation to driving anddriven members; Fig. 6 is a similar developed section show ing the vanesfor reverse rotation of the driven member; Fig. 7 is a partiallongitudinal section of a further form, the parts being shown more indetail; and Fig. 8 is a sectional detail showing a slight modificationof a portion of the form shown in. -Fig. 7.

which no provision is made for reversal or for speed variation. In thisform, which '-operates on the same principle as one which was disclosedin my prlor application above referred to, there is employed a drivingmember 10, keyed or otherwise rigidly secured ,to a drivin shaft 11, andhaving vanes on blades de ning a set of passages, whereby the drlvingmember serves as a.

centrifugal pump impeller and throws 1i uid out substantially radiallyfrom its peripherally disposed series of outlets. A very similar member12 mounted on a .driven ten -g inward radially from theperipheral suace, and delivering substantia l v axially I Patented Sept. 26, 1916.Application filed June 2, 1914. Serial No. 842,409.

. bers.

transmittersmay bevaried by varying the relative proportions or shape ofthe parts or by varying the angle of the vanes or blades in the drivenor guiding members. Further more, a variation of the form of these vanesor blades serves tocontrol the direction of rotation of the drivenmember. In Fig. 5 I

have shown somewhat diagrammatically a development of the three members,the blades or vanes in theguiding member 15 being so formed that theliquid in leaving the driving member in' a substantially tangentialdirection is directed against the blades of the driven member insubstantially the same direction. In Fig. 6 I have shown a somewhatsimilar development in which the vanes or blades in the member 15 are socurved that the liquid leaving the driving member in a substantiallytangential direction will be deflected and guided against the blades ofthe driven member to impart a rotation to the latter in a directionopposite to that of the driving member. I of course do not desire to belimited to any specific form of vanes or blades, as these may be varied,dependent upon the character Where the parts of the Work to be done. arenon-adjustable and the guiding member has but one set of blades as'inFig. 1, the

vanes of the driven member would preferably be slightly curved to betterutilize the kinetic energy of the liquid.

By supporting the guiding member outside of and encircling both of theworking wheels comprising the driving and driven members, the guidingmember may be more easily and firmly supported and betweenthe relativelymovable parts friction is reduced. The cost of "manufacture is likewiselessened as parts may be more easily and accurately manufactured, andthere is less leakage between the mem- Furthermore, the guiding membermay be mounted entirely within a symmetrical casing which incloses thedriving and driven members and supported so as to move axially therein.The guiding member may fit in the casing in such manner as to permit theuse of the fluid in the casing not only for the transmission of powerfrom the driving member to the driven member but also as hydraulic powermeans for bodily displac- 'ing the guiding member and retaining it inthe desired position.

In Fig. 2, I have shown another form of "power transmitter, which issimilar to one which was illustrated in my prior application, abovereferred to. In this transmitter,

the driving member is provided with two sets of vanes or blades 16 and17 and the driven member is also provided with two sets 18 and 19.Concentric with the tWo members and encircling them is a stationaryguiding member having two sets of guiding passages 20 and 21.. Thedriving, driven, and guiding members thus define two entirely separatesets of annular passages, one made up of the.

passages 16, 21 and 18, and the other made up of the passages 17, 20 and19. The vanes in one of the passages of the guiding member for instancethe passage 21 may deliver the liquid without material change ofdirection as far as the direction of rotation of the driving member isconcerned substantially as shown in Fig. 5, while the vanes in the otherpassage, for instance the passage 20, may deliver the liquid in thereverse direction substantially as shown in Fig. 6. Suitable pumping orliquid transferring means (not. shown), is provided whereby the liquidof either circuit may be withdrawn and liquid delivered to the othercircuit. Whilethe liquid is in one passage the other would ordinarilyrun idle. With the driving member rotating in a given direction thedriven-member may rotate in either the same or the reverse directiondepending upon which circuit is filled with liquid.

In Figs. 3 and 4, I have illustrated a form in which the guiding memberhas two sets of passages and may be shifted axially to bring either ofits two sets into registry with a single set in the driving, member.Here the driving member has a set of passages 20 and the driven memberhas. two

sets 21 and 22 delivering to the single set' 11 20 of the drivingmember. The peripheral. surface of both the driving and driven membersare substantially cylindrical and the guiding member encircles it andincludes the ,two concentric sets of passages 23 and 2 1.

The passages are so formed that when the passage 23 of the guidingmember is in registry with the driven member it will deliverliquid tothe passage 22 of the driven member as shown in Fig. 3. The inlet aswell as the outlet to the passages 24 of the guiding member will beclosed by Walls 25 and 27. Upon shifting the guiding member axially fromthe position shown in Fig.

3 to the position shown in Fig. 4, the passages 23 of the guiding memberwill be rendered inoperative by walls 27 and 28,

and the passages 24: will receive liquid from the driving member anddeliver it to the passages 21 of the driven member.

thus control the direction of rotation and relative speed of the latter.It will further be, evident that by stopping the guiding member in anintermediate position the liquid delivered to the guiding member andfrom the latter to the driven member may be controlled and the speed anddirection of the driven member thus regulated. For instance, if theguiding member be moved to andheld in a position intermediate that shownin Fig. 3 and that shown in Fig. 4, a .part of the liquid thrown outfrom the driving member; will enter one annular series of passages. 24and a part of it will enter the other annular series of passages 25.These will counteract each other and therefore no energy will beimparted to the driven member and the latter may remain stationary.While the driving member is rotating at full speed the driven member mayoperate at full speed forward or backward or at any intermediate speedor may remain stationary dependent upon the position of the guidingmember.

The forms above described in detail and which involves the sameprinciple of operation and the same invention as certain forms whichwere previously disclosed in my prior application Serial No. 322,395, of

June 19th,'1906, co-pending herewith, possess certain advantages byreason of the fact that the guiding member encircles both the drivingand the driven member and that the outer peripheral faces of both thedriving'and the driven members are cylindrical and closely juxtaposed tothe inner cylin-' drical surface of the guiding member. The form shownin Figs. 3 and 4 possesses a further advantage in that the speed as welli as the direction of rotation of the driven member is controlled by anaxial shifting of the non-rotatable guiding member.

As coming within my broad invention, I have illustrated in Fig. 7, afurther em bodiment of my invention, but in this application I make noclaim to any of the specific details or features not found in the otherforms illustrated. Here instead of the two guiding passages beingconcentiic as in Figs. 3 and-4, they are arranged side by side so thatthere need be but one set of vanes and passages in the driven -member.In this specific form the power transmitter includes a primary wheel inthe form of a centrifugal pump impeller '30, having blades adapted todeliver the liquid radially shaft.

or in' a direction having a very material radial component .and asecondary wheel 31 adjacent thereto, constituting a turbine and having aset of blades or vanes againstwhich the liquid may impinge to effect therotation of the driven member. This guides the liquid toward the centerso-tliat' it may be taken up again by the driving member. The drivingand driven members are wedged and keyed or rigidly secured in any othersuitable manner to the driving and driven shafts 32 and 33, the latterbeing mounted in suitable bearings, which resist the end thrust. The twowheels or members are mounted inside of a casing 34 which serves tosupport .a movable guiding member 35, having two sets of passages .36and 37, each including liquid directing vanes or blades. I

/ The primary wheel 30 which is positively rotated from the source ofpower for instance a .steam turbine, serves to transform the mechanicalpower of the motor into hydraulickinetic energy which again is changedback into mechanical energy in the driven member and passed on to thedriven The annular guiding member. 35 serves to direct and deliver theliquid from the peripherally disposed series of outlets of the primarywheel to the peripherally disposed series of inlets of the secondarywheel, and serves to control the angle of liquid delivery necessary tosecure the desired ratio of gearing and direction of rotation.

The guiding apparatus with its two separate sets of vanes or blades canbe axially moved and retained in the desired'position, so that it ispossible to secure any desired speed or direction of rotation of thedriven member between full speed forward and full speed backward withoutvarying the speed or direction of rotation or the direction of rotationof the driving member. The vanes or blades 36 of the guiding member maybe so formed as to deflect the liquid but a slight amount from thedirection which it received in leaving the driving member as in Fig. 5,

and this set would be used for normal formoved to the oppositelimitingposition, the

' driven member will be rotated in the opposite direction. Whiletheguiding member is being moved from one position toward the other, theinlets and outlets of the section of the guiding member-which were inregistry with the outlets andinlets of the driving and driven members,will pass out of registry and the fiow of fluid and the transmission ofpower will be correspondingly decreased. For instance, when the member35 has moved toward the left from the position shown in Fig. 7, to sucha point that the inlet to the section 36 no longer registers with theoutlet from the driving member 30, there will. be no transmission ofpower and the driven member may come to a stop. As the movement of themember 35 continues, the inlet to the section 37 will come into registrywith the outlet from the driving.

member 30 and the transmission of power in the opposite direction willbegin. The

amount of power transmitted will continue to increase until the member35 is in the final position and the passages; 37 are in perfect registrywith those of the driving and driven members. axially slidable,liquid-guiding member may occupy either of two limiting positionsor anyintermediate position, and will cause the driven member to rotate eitherfull speed forward, or at full speed backward, or at any intermediatespeed, or to remain stationary,

without any change in the direction or speed but as it'forms no portionof mypresent invention, I havenot thought it necessary to illustrate thesame.

For shifting thev position of the annular liquid guiding member I mayuse either hydraulic pressure or mechanically actuated mechanism. Itwill be noted that the easing which incloses the driving and drivenmembers and supports the guiding member in the forms shown in Figs. 7and 8, has annular off-set portions or channels at each end which mayalternately receive the two sections of the guiding member, when thelatter is shifted. The guiding member may and preferably does fitsuflicientlytight, so that upon forcing predetermined quantities ofliquid into one annular chamber or pocket, and withdrawing it from theopposite one the two members may be shifted to any intermediate positionbetween the extremes.

To prevent rotation of the annular guiding member and at the same timeto insure the axial movement of all parts in parallelism, andthus'avoidtilting or skewing,

Thus, the annular,

ter and suitable levers or other mechanisms connect these points so thatmovement at one point is accompanied by an equal and simultaneousmovement at every other point. Instead of relying upon hydraulic powerto shift the guiding member I may rely solely upon mechanically appliedpower or use the two in conjunctionwith each other. In Fig. 7 I haveshown a screw member 38 parallel to the axis of rotation of the powertransmitter and having threaded engagement with a projection 39 on theguiding member 9 5. The screw member is held against longitudinalmovement by a suitable bearingjtO, and carries a pinion ll keyedthereto. By'rotating the pinion it will be noted that the guiding memberis pulled or pushed endwise depending upon thedirection of rotation.Thisscrew member may be driven in any suitable manner, but preferablythere are a plurality of such members spaced about the center of themachine and all of the pinions mesh with a large gear 42,.s0 as toinsure simultaneous and equal rotation.

In Fig. 8 I have shown a modified form of shifting device in which a rod43 is rigidly secured to a flange 44 on the guiding member. The rodextends through a stufling box 45 and its outer end is threaded througha pinion 46. The pinion is held against longitudinal movement, so thatby rotating the pinion, the rod is forced to move endwise and to thusbring the guiding member to the desired position. The mechanism shown inFigs. 7 and 8 may operate as the sole shifting means or may operate inconjunction with hydraulic pressure. The guiding member may be movedfrom one extreme position to the opposite extreme position in. a veryfew seconds and by arranging the liquid guiding sections side by side asshown in Fig. 8, the liquid will begin-to be delivered to the drivenmember so as to reverse the direction of the latter before the guidingmember reaches its final position. Therefore by the time it does reachits final position, the driven member may be brought to a complete stop,or may have already started rotating in the reverse direction.

The shafts of the driving and driven members are supported in suitablebearin s and the casing is provided with suitable stu ing boxes. Thesemay contain soft packings when low speed of rotation is em loyed, andmay be made absolutely tight. T e casing may be provided with all of thenecessary appurtenances of a detailedcharacter which do not involve myinvention, and which I have not shown. Such appurtenances may'includeair cooks for letting air out of the casing, discharge and sup ly cocksor valves, a'tachometer for the secondary shaft and pressure gages orother mechawhat I claim as new and desire to protect by Letters Patent,is:

1. A hydraulic power transmitter including a rotatable driving member,having a series of peripherally-disposed liquid outlets in the sameradial plane, a rotatable member driven by the liquid, saidgmembe'rbeing disposed closely adjacent to said first mentioned member andcoaxial therewith andhaving a series of peripherally-disposed liquidinlets in a radial plane adjacent to but spaced from said' firstmentioned plane,

and a liquid guiding member encircling said driving and driven membersand having a series of curved passages leading from said inlets to saidoutlets. q

2. A hydraulic power transmitter including a centrifugal pump impellerprovided with discharge passages delivering in a sub stantially radialplane, a turbine member having a series of inlet passages receiving in"a substantially radial plane. and a member includin an annular seriesof curved passages receiving liquid from said driving member anddelivering it to said driven member.

3. A hydraulic power transmitter including a centrifugal pump impellerprovided with discharge passages delivering in a substantially radialhaving a series 01 inlet passages receiving .ina substantially radialplane, and a mem ber encircling both of said first-mentioned members andincluding an annular series of curved passages receiving liquid fromsaid driving member and delivering it to said driven member.

4. A hydraulic power transmitter including a centrifugal pump impellerprovided with discharge passages delivering in a substantially radialplane, a turbine member having a series of inlet passages receivingin asubstantially radial plane, and a member including an annular series ofcurved passages receivin liquid from said driving member and deliveringit to said driven member, in a direction to efiect the rotation of thedriven member in the same direction as the driving member.

5. A hydraulic power transmitter including acentrifugal pump impellerprovided with discharge passages delivering ina substantially radialplane, a turbine member having a series of inlet passages receiving in asubstantially radial plane, and a member including an annular series ofcurved passages receiving liquid from said member and delivering it tosaid driven. member in a direction to effect the rotation of the,

driven member in adirection opposite to that of the driving member.

lane, a turbine member apparatus, the combination of a rotatabledriving'member, a rotatable driven member, said members being arranged side byside, and a guiding member encircling said driving and driven membersand serving to transfer liquid from one to'the other without materialloss of kinetic energy, said driven member including two independentsets of passages.

9. In combination a rotatable driving I member, a rotatable drivenmember co-axial therewith, and an annular guiding member encircling saidfirst-mentioned members and including two separate sets of passages, one

when in operation serving to efiect rotation of the driven member in thesame direction as the driving'member and the other when in operationserving to effect rotation of the driven member in the oppositedirection to that of the driving member.

10.'A fluid gear including two turbine wheels arranged co-axially and anannular guiding member encircling said turbine wheels, and including twoliquid passages either one of which ma be brought into operation by anaxial shifting of the guiding member. g

11. A fluid gear having a primary and secondary wheel -disposedco-axially and a liquid guiding member encircling both of said. wheelsand movable axially to control 'the delivery of liquid from the primarytion and the other for the reverse direction of said secondary wheel,and means interposed between said primary wheel and the reverse vanes ofsaid secondary wheel to change the direction of the How of the liquidissuing from the primary wheel, substantially as and for the purposespecified.

14. In a hydraulic power transmitting apparatus, the combination with aprimary turbine wheel, of a secondary turbine wheel comprising twoseries of vanes arranged coaxially with the vanes of said primary wheel,one series serving for the ahead direc tion and the other for thereverse direction 0! said secondary wheel, means interposed between saidprimary wheel and the reverse vanes of said secondary wheel to changethe direction of the flow of the liquid issuing from the primarywheel,and liquid guiding means interposed between said primary wheel and theahead vanes of said secondary wheel, substantially as and for thepurpose specified.

15. In a hydraulic power transmitting 'apparatus, the combination with aprimary turbine wheel, of a secondary turbine wheel comprising twoseries of vanes arranged coaxially with the vanes of said primary means,substantially as and for the purpose specified.

16. In a hydraulic power transmitting apparatus, the combination with aprimary turbine wheel, of a secondary turbine wheel comprising twoseries of vanes arranged coaxially with the vanes of said primary wheel,one series serving for the ahead direction and the other for the reversedirection of said secondary Wheel, and non-rotatable means interposedbetween said primary wheel and the reverse vanes to change the directionof the fiow'of water issuing from the primary wheel.

17. In a hydraulic power transmitting apparatus, the combination with adriving turbinemember, of a driven turbine member comprising two seriesof vanes, one series servingrfor the ahead direction and the other forthe reverse direction of said driven member, and a member interposedbetween said driving member and the reverse vanes of said driven memberto change the direction of the flow of water issuing from said drivingmember, two of said members being relatively movable axially, for thepurpose described.

Signed at Danzig, Germany, this 7th day of May, A. -D. 1914.-

DR, HER-MANN FoTTINGER.

\Vitnesses ERNST SPRUNERK, R. FICHTNER.

